furniture commonly used materials knowledge

furniture products commonly used materials and accessories assembly divided into twelve categories , respectively, as detailed below :
( A ) Aluminum class
Aluminum belongs to the category of non-ferrous metals , due to the wider application separately described as follows: There are aluminum and die-cast aluminum alloy commonly used in two ways. Mainly by the purity of more than 92% of the main raw material ingot , while adding to increase strength, hardness , wear resistance and other properties of the metal elements , such as carbon, magnesium , silicon, sulfur, etc. , consisting of a plurality of components " alloys ."
1.1 Aluminum
Common as aluminum screens, aluminum windows and so on. It is manufactured using extrusion process , i.e. the raw materials such as aluminum ingot is melted in the furnace , the mold extruded by extrusion molding outflows , it can be extruded in different sections of the various profiles . The main performance that strength, hardness, wear resistance according to national standard GB6063. Advantages are: light weight of only 2.8 , no rust, design changes quickly, mold into a low , longitudinal elongation of up to 10 meters or more. Shiny aluminum exterior , matte points, its treatment process using anodized oxide surface treatment reached 0.12 m / m thickness. Aluminum wall thickness according to the optimization of product design options, not as thick as possible on the market , should see the design requirements of the sectional structure , it can be 0.5 ~ 5mm uneven . The thicker the more hardline outsiders think , in fact, is the wrong way .
Aluminum surface quality is also more difficult to overcome deficiencies : warping , distortion, black line , punch and white lines. High levels of designers who design and produce molds and reasonable process , to avoid the defect is not obvious . Check the defect inspection method shall be prescribed by the State , namely the horizon 40 ~ 50CM to determine defects.
Aluminum furniture in a wide range of uses : the wall skeleton, various suspension beams , table legs, trim, handles, go trough and lid , chair tube , etc. , can be ever-changing design and use !
Although the advantages of aluminum and more, but there is not the ideal place :
①, without aluminum oxidation process easier , " rusty " , resulting in performance degradation
②, inferior longitudinal strength ironwork
③, the wear resistance of the surface oxide layer inferior plating , easy to scratch
④, high cost, relative to iron products cost about 3 to 4 times higher
1.2 die-cast aluminum
Die-casting alloys and profile processing method compared to using the device are different, it 's raw materials to aluminum ingots ( about 92% purity ) and alloy materials, the furnace to melt into the molding die casting machine . Die-cast aluminum product shape can be designed as imaging toys , shapes, convenient connections in all directions , in addition, its high hardness strength , and can be mixed with zinc to zinc-aluminum alloy .
Die-cast aluminum molding process points :
①, casting
②, rough polishing to mold than expected
③, fine polishing
On the other hand , die-cast aluminum production process , should die in order to manufacture its cost is very expensive molds are higher than other mold injection mold and so on. Meanwhile, mold maintenance is very difficult to design a material error is less difficult to repair .
Aluminum Disadvantages :
①, each number should be more production and processing , the cost was low
②, polishing more complex production cycle slow
③, higher product costs than injection of about 3 to 4 times
④, requirements should be bigger screw holes (diameter 4.5mm) connector force was stable
Adaptation: legs, Pantai fittings, decorative head , aluminum sealing parts, such as table and coffee table backwater , a very wide range .
(B ) Hardware
" Hardware " concept is a popular saying , the standard classification should be divided into two major categories of ferrous and non-ferrous metals , used in furniture, it has a tubular , rod , plate, wire , horn several.
2.1 Black metal
Mainly refers to iron products , which advantages are: resistance to deformation, ultra-high strength , wear resistance, high hardness , low price, long life. Is a carbon alloy, it points to the high -carbon steel , low carbon steel , carbon steel ; its sub- tube, square tube , angle iron , steel categories . Pipe class products mainly for chairs ; square tube for beams , brackets and the like; steel is mainly used for tables, baffles , wall plates , ornaments, corbels , metal cabinets , doors, etc. .
Steel products Disadvantages :
①, rust
②, the volume of re-
③, afraid of wet
Methods to solve the above drawbacks plating, painting , black hair blue treatment.
Hardware molding methods more : bending, punching , drilling, welding, cutting, pressing shape. In summary , the product according to the design requirements or requirements for processing .
2.2 non-ferrous metal pieces
Refers to the removal of iron products outside all metal parts such as: aluminum, copper , zinc and stainless steel. It has a feature not easy to rust , poor strength than black metal , used in many furniture are: aluminum, aluminum bar , stainless steel pipe , stainless steel, copper , zinc plate .
Stainless steel parts : stainless steel iron and stainless steel parts of two categories : often called " 430 " as the stainless steel iron, " 304" is pure stainless steel , one of them discriminating method : magnet test , "430 " can be a magnet suck , and " 304 " is not . Slightly higher than the proportion of stainless steel parts iron products, iron products, higher prices than 4 times , so that only high-end products before use .
Copper : Copper of copper and copper alloys. Copper also known as copper , hardness strength is poor, but good toughness. Copper alloys used in furniture more brass , which is a zinc -based alloy of copper . Slightly higher copper prices , " 304" stainless steel copper from 30 to 40 percent , while the brass is 20% lower than the price of copper . Copper alloy hardness, strength than stainless steel copper slightly higher, but easily broken , brittle. Furniture is mainly applied copper handle , embedded screws. In order to prevent the " rust " after going to use copper plating generally , and brass is not required , fewer large-scale use in furniture products.
Zinc products : use less pure zinc products , primarily zinc alloy or steel used in combination . Such as galvanized sheet , electrolytic plates. Furniture use less , due to the poor strength of zinc products . Zinc alloy buckle accessories such as eccentric , structural connection points ( pieces ) and so on. Zinc alloy is slightly lower than the proportion of about 6.8 iron , steel and aluminum prices ranged between majority zinc alloy die castings in the form of production of furniture accessories.
Titanium , zirconium alloys : These are more expensive metal , which is used in most of the furniture in the form of plating for high-grade handles, hinges and fittings or exposed high gear among hotel furniture . Its cost is higher than the chrome plating costs about 40% , but the appearance of high-end products like gold and silver , very good abrasion resistance , will not rust .
2.3 casting metal
There are a lot of furniture hardware using castings, such as handles, hinges , etc. , the current market popular kinds of casting production process many ways , such as: casting process , casting process , casting process . Casting materials are brass, stainless steel, zinc -tin alloy , aluminum alloy . Casting Features: exquisite, uniquely shaped and so on. The disadvantage of a single piece of high costs, costs are different in different casting process , roughly high to low , casting casting die casting , mold cost is high to low is: die casting casting casting . Casting products Disadvantages are: a slight increase in the production cycle , the product should after 2 to 3 steps in order to make qualified parts, and accessories but also according to different requirements or plating , polishing , drawing, sandblasting , coating and other surface decorative treatment .
(C ) Rubber class
3.1 Plastic parts
Examples of the application of plastic products, furniture is very common , but also a lot of material categories : ABS, PP, PVC, PU, ​​POM, PA, PMMA, PE, PS, PC, to adapt to the different range of different materials .
ABS: Common name plastic, can be used to connect parts, seat back, seat board , which is capable of plastic plating ( water plating ) the main raw material .
PP: Polypropylene common name for the star foot , arm , foot and strength less demanding connections. Disadvantages: poor wear resistance, low surface hardness.
PVC: polyvinyl chloride common name , mainly for sealing member inserted condition . It was adapted for extrusion molding , and plastic parts in PVC material is non-combustible materials, processing molding temperature stability is poor , especially poor color stability .
PU: Polyurethane common name . Mainly for the armrest ( foaming ) fittings.
POM: Common name match steel . Mainly used for wear parts such as floor mats , casters , hinges , hinge and so on. Performance wear and pressure , but poor dimensional stability.
PA: Common name nylon. Mainly used as floor mats, star claw , casters and other wear and life requires a high place . Features: wear and pressure , high intensity indoor long life, individual models such as PA66 high temperature of 2200 , the disadvantage is easy to change in the sun for performance, easily broken, poor weather .
PMMA :: plexiglass ( commonly known as acrylic ) . There are five transparent plastic material , which is one of the most transparent PMMA with acetic acid smell workpiece cutting, machining deformed easily , soaked with water can bend shaping change . Disadvantages: easy to scratch the surface , low hardness, easy to crack when bent , the price more than 20% higher than the ABS .
PC: commonly known as polycarbonate. The species is also transparent material , high surface hardness , scratch resistance, impact resistance, high strength, weather resistance ( ie not afraid of sunlight ) . Furniture partition wall solar panels is that this material is a hollow extrusion molding . Features : high cost price , compared with about 40 percent higher PMMA .
3.2 Rubber
Most varieties of vulcanized rubber molding process , which is characterized by : softness is good , but also for various hard and soft adjustment , the shape can be complicated , the situation can not release does not exist. Oil, acids, alkalis, abrasion resistance are good. Cons: color is more difficult rough ( especially dark to light ) hardness has some limitations , rough surface , unlike the plastic can do mirror effect. But mold , low cost, fast cycle , can be braced magnetic materials production , modification of the magnetic body , from the noise, seal.
Furniture industry has adopted NBR rubber , silicone and so on. Generally used to strip furniture wall insulation , foot plug, plug the vacuum chuck , rail damping parts.
3.3 Resin
Resin products are currently a major trend , more and more for furniture, building materials , such as artificial stone material on the market , artificial tub , fire-retardant board , glass, steel and other products. Unsaturated polymer resin chemicals , liquid -based material , and formulation into a solid curing agent is mixed with the polymerization reaction heat. It differs from crushing and recycling plastics is that the work is not available . Almost cost price and PP , which the production process but also with mold -casting , but the mold is simple, available wood mold , plaster mold, rubber molds. Particularly adapted to changing shape , short , not much volume products . Fiberglass furniture products category is one of them.
(D ) glass products
Glass products according to different production processes have flat glass, blown glass two categories. Currently, a large amount of flat glass , especially after deep processing of flat glass , more suitable for the consumer market. Blown glass and other crafts made ​​more three-dimensional modeling , classical furniture in various shapes more . Its characteristics : acid ( fluoride acid outside ) after alkali, oil , fire , steel resistant to 300 ℃.
4.1 Flat Glass
Flat glass is a silicate materials, high temperature furnace at 1300 degrees melting into liquid water flowing through the tin surface forming, commonly known as float glass . As the raw material formulation, process parameters differences, green glass , clear glass , colored glass carve three flat glass appearance . Flat glass manufacturing thinner ( less than 3mm or less ) the greater the difficulty, but too thick ( more than 15mm) is also difficult, so this market both higher cost.
Flat glass using diamond ( ie ordinary glass cutter ) , high-speed water cut after cut glass edging on all sides can be processed , such as grinding straight edge, bevel edge , round edge, duck lips , drilling , milling prices are high .
Flat glass surface can also be frosted ( chemical, mechanical two kinds ) , silk painting , painting, sculpture treatment, different surface treatment process is not the same price , roughly from highest to lowest : matte painting silk painting sculpture.
4.2 glass processing technology
Here the process is focused on flat glass processing methods , in addition to the previously mentioned milling processes flat glass outside , it can be bending, steel , bonding and other treatment , so that the "flat " to " stereo " effect.
Bending : refers to the plate glass begins to soften at about 500 ℃, mold gently pressing need to achieve that distortion effect, inconsistent bending process in different plants and equipment , flat glass bending should be edging or sandblasting treatment .
Steel : refers to the glass at about 900 ℃ conduct emergency cooling treatment . Features: no sharp corners after broken glass , while the glass temperature resistance up to 300 ℃ is not broken , its strength is greatly increased by about 10 times .
Bonding : refers to the use of UV glue curing by UV irradiation , after bonding glass can withstand more than 200kg pull, do glass glass bonding material , glass and metal , but the glue and the process is different in order to make quality products .
These three processes to low cost price of processing methods : steel bending bonding.
4.3 Art glass processing
Here focuses on the art of flat glass processing methods and results, attended to by definition "art " that has some artistic effect glass processing .
Matte effect : flat glass used in mechanical scrub, scrub the actual effect is too coarse sand , easy hands marks, while the use of fluorinated chemicals , such as the use of matte that soaking syrup made ​​. The advantage is no fingerprints , coarse sand and delicate , this process can be combined with silk surface make various designs, text.
Embossed effect: embossed pattern that uses a variety of molds , patterns , the use of glass to achieve bending deformation temperature, pressure made ​​by the machine . Currently many kinds of patterns can also design their own system of molded flowers, embossed glass quality real pressure is bending in one particular column .
Spray effect: spray effect there are two, one that is transparent color effects , and the other one is monochrome opaque effect. Spray the nature of glass corrosion inhibitor plus color effects , it does not change the glass surface , does not involve the nature of the glass structure .
Paint effect: namely glass surface paint treatment . In order to improve paint adhesion, should be carried out by painting the glass oven dried , so as to achieve the effect of a permanent attachment .
DECORATED effect : the use of transparent film pattern printed up and pasted to the glass surface , high temperature baking, film carbonation, and patterns, text that is left on the surface.
(E ) Sea Cotton
Sponge used in many types of furniture , there are hair foam, stereotypes cotton , rubber , cotton, memory foam and so on.
5.1 stereotypes cotton
This material is poly histidine cotton material by a variety of additives such as blowing agents , heat -pressure agent into a simple mold can be pressed sponges of different shapes , it is suitable for chair sofa cushions , back cotton , a few armrest do with stereotypes cotton . Currently, the use of 55 # to 60 # material density , which is more in line with national standards elasticity .
Adjustable elastic sponge hardness , depending on the different parts of the product to be adjusted . General Block cotton hard and high, greater density , back cotton followed cotton抌softer .
5.2 the foam
This polyether foam molding material , such as foam like bread . Machinery and equipment can also be used manually with wood foam foam surrounded by cotton foam like a big square , like bread , sliced ​​through the process of using a slicer , cutting thickness according to the different requirements , the foam can also adjust the firmness . Block Cotton generally use 25 ~ 28kg/m5, the other using 20 ~ 22kg/m3 density.
Hardness and density sponge , although a direct relationship, but with a different additive formulations also have relationships within the industry and therefore of high elasticity , ultra- gray , black and gray super soft cotton. Products should be designed to use depending on the shape and structure of rational science with general upper, middle , low three parts with different elasticity , density sponge.
There is a fire cotton sponge material is called, before actually sponge foam , fire retardant material is added to the formulation , such as chlorine , bromine smoke can produce a flame of fire that the sponge , play a flame retardant .
5.3 Rubber Cotton
In a sponge , it uses natural latex raw ingredient is made ​​of foam , it has a rubber characteristics , excellent elasticity , resilience, and will not be deformed , but expensive , higher than the foam 3-4 times .
Sort highest to lowest price of the three cotton : Cotton hair styling foam rubber, cotton
5.4 recycled cotton
Furniture products are called " recycled cotton ", in fact it is squeezed sponge and scrap pick from. Cost is very low, but the flexibility is poor, the density varies.
( Six ) leather
Leather industries in the country is a door type , but also a set of appropriate standards .
6.1 Artificial leather
Commonly known as spinning skin, according to the thickness of it , a type (0.9 ~ 1.5m / m), II > 1.5 mm two kinds . Many leather look pattern, generally require delicate texture , uniformity , color uniformity, surface no scratches, cracks.
Artificial leather is also the essence of polymer plastic PVC, PE, PP and other molding and blown through a variety of surface coating paste . Artificial leather for sofa chair feel great attention should be smooth, soft, flexible , no smell. Which break the long rate should be ≤ 80%, easy bleaching , which should be more than the color rubbing fastness 4.3 .
6.2 Natural leather
Natural leather mainly refers to a variety of animal skins after processing. Currently, using leather furniture with leather -based, it looks consistent with the requirements of artificial leather , but it's tensile strength , tear strength better than artificial leather . The disadvantage is the appearance of non-uniform pattern , in particular calf, but also the presence of scar pole , defective skin around the scar that is less flexible . Natural skin layer and also by the thickness of the split second layer of skin, animal skin surface is the first layer of skin elasticity softness, higher prices and a thickness of between 0.8 and 1.5 ; second floor of animal skins slashing the outside surface of the skin skin thickness ranging from 2.8 to 3.5 , poor flexibility, but good strength, tensile strength of 200N/M2 more.
( Seven ) Glue class
More varieties of furniture products using glue , glue reasonable and appropriate to select a greater impact on product quality , especially durable quality. According to different sub-aqueous solvent-based glue adhesive glue and solvents .
7.1 Water-based glue
Refers to the solvent water-based glue glue glue with water to adjust the concentration , it uses between the fire board and plywood or particle board between the bonding adhesive sheet furniture , such as: do MDF doors and door paper honeycomb core bonded are water-based glue. Its characteristics : low price , good environment, but the adhesive curing time of 4 hours or more . Longer production cycles, simple production operations , the available brush , brush coating methods .
Due to the long processing cycle water-based glue , for rush orders for a greater impact , on the other hand artificial uneven coating easily and thus lead to blistering, mass incidents local deformation.
7.2 Solvent glue
Currently solvent benzene solvent glue adopted as manufacturing, the main rubber polymer materials such as resin , its viscosity fast curing time than water-based glue , the method can also be used spray gun , it saves time and effort , glue coating evenly.
Currently screens and screen cloth adhesive , chairs, sofas , are using a sponge and cloth adhesive glue method , you can do the spray is placed or installed.
Wood products used in solvent glue between the majority of wood ( such as sofa legs, frame ) bonding , bonding between the plate and veneer.
Solvent and water-based adhesive glue curing different form , which is to allow water to evaporate the curing process , while the former majority by air " oxygen " role cure or between internal molecular oxygen due to self-heating effect curing .
Solvent spray foam rubber , cotton or different when stereotypes cloth, selected models are different , mainly because these materials are also polymer materials. Using the wrong time will come unglued, blistering, dehydration. Tack test two items : do resistance to environmental temperature ( high and low ) testing and weathering tests ( ie, aging UV irradiation ) . In addition, the solvent also points plastic glass, plastic, metal plastic, glass and metal plastic and other species.
( Eight ) cloth
Furniture in fabric selection is divided into two major categories : synthetic fiber fabrics, textile fabrics and other natural , man-made fiber fabrics mostly general .
8.1 man-made chemical fiber cloth
There are types of synthetic fiber cloth nine categories : namely, polyamide , polyester, polyurethane, urine, POM, polyacrylonitrile , polyethylene acid , polyvinyl chloride and fluorine . In fact , that is the essence of man-made fiber polymer material above nine categories ( with plastic belong to a class of materials ) by spinning woven polyester fabric quality indicators into all fineness, strength , elasticity, moisture absorption , initial modulus , The first four indicators are important quality parameters .
Is the degree of fineness of the yarn thickness , tensile strength refers to withstand ; rebound rate refers back to the original dimensions after the stretching ratio ; initial modulus , tensile means stretch the length of the time 10% of the original length .
For users , the kind of material that is useful to adapt to the conditions of what the occasion , are presented below :
Low moisture absorption materials : polypropylene ( PP ) , polyvinyl alcohol , polyester, the use of such material is suitable for humid climates and regions.
Good heat resistance material : polyester, acrylic ( polyacrylonitrile ) , the use of such material is suitable for tropical and high temperature operating environment.
Lightfastness good material : acrylic, polyvinyl alcohol , polyester, adapt to the outdoor environment products, such as : beach chairs .
Alkali resistance good material : polyamide fiber , polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride ( PVC ene fibers )
Good acid resistance of materials : acrylic, polypropylene , polyester
Not easy to mold : Victoria wheel, polyester, polyamide fibers, adapt damp places .
Wear good material : polyvinyl chloride , polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol , polyester , polyamide fibers
Elongation good material : polyvinyl chloride , polyvinyl alcohol
From the above analysis , the current chair materials are suitable for indoor polyvinyl alcohol , polyvinyl chloride , polypropylene, polyamide , etc., poor light material must not be used outdoors , outdoor , otherwise life is very short.
8.2 Natural fiber cloth
Natural fiber cloth : cotton, linen , wool, asbestos fibers , which is only suitable for use in furniture, cotton, linen two categories, features natural fiber fabrics are environmentally friendly , good insulation, abrasion resistance, alkali-resistant cotton Ma poor but good acid resistance , lightfastness and hair is not good . Thus , according to these characteristics matching material design is critical
Natural fiber cloth crude fiber than people good luck slightly higher price .
(Ix ) the appearance of decorative film class
Furniture products, lumber, wood due to different design requirements should be a variety of exterior decoration film processing. Screen products such as : all kinds of stickers now cover a new product introduction as follows :
9.1 Boeing software
This material is essentially blown PVC plastic molding , film blowing machine and mold by up to control the width and thickness. Most of the current thickness of 0.18 to 0.22 do stick coated sheet surface . Boeing film surface texture pattern is formed through the molding process , in addition, it is also coated with adhesive glue. Which is characterized by low cost, easy to use, the drawback is the material forming the reasons for the changes due to temperature , leading to difficulties in color , there are differences in each batch. Since PVC is flame-retardant materials , so Boeing film also plays the role of the flame lamination surface , adapted to building materials. The disadvantage is that due to the individual when applying glue glue traces of oil degumming, good adhesion , easy blistering, poor surface hardness. Thus , Boeing film factory production environment determines the quality of products .
9.2 decorative film
Decorative melamine paper membrane , Firewood film , these two are polymer materials , non-flammable , so after pasting board or plate , also known as fire retardant board .
MFC board is melamine paper and laminated board processing elements , generally have specialized processing plant equipment , fire board on the back of adhesive, glue furniture factory vegetarian plate with cold cold eight hours after the press can be applied to furniture.
9.3 veneer veneer cladding
Veneer Material many commonly have hardwood veneer , catalpa wood veneer , oak , walnut veneer , maple bark, beech veneer . Market veneer thickness is 0.3mm, but require a higher quality product , but also because the work surface after sanding stick coating , 0.3mm veneer so easily broken , and thus high-quality products generally 0.5 ~ 0.6mm paste the cover .
Useful water-based glue stick coated veneer , there are solvent glue, a large area of ​​the water-based glue , local or small area of ​​hardwood surface bonding adhesive is solvent .
Veneer due to different species , its price is also different. For example, price per square leather hardwood hickory difference of more than 3 to 4 times , probably veneer price high to low according to the following arrangement : walnut maple / beech hardwood oak catalpa wood .
Veneer surface texture due to their different origin , wood nodes are also different. Two types of wooden sticks as ruled, mountain lines , currently using more . Veneer is a natural and more, but there are also artificial veneer : wood technology . Its veneer features clear lines and arranged in order, no dead knots plus wooden eye .
Since veneer species, different rings , single veneer width size of the points , and therefore should be parquet veneer processing production lines or fight , after stitching lines approximate natural texture . Veneer splicing like sewing clothes using the same " line" be sewn, this "line" is actually heated to melt the glue as a " glue" called hot melt glue school named EVA is a thermoplastic .
( Ten ) artificial board class
Many varieties of artificial board : There are glued plywood, wood panels, fibreboard, honeycomb panels, fire-retardant board ( gypsum board , calcium silicate ) , aluminum panels, the United States and chopping board may provide plates, decorative plates, Polaroid board. Dimensions: 1220 * 2440 ( 4 ' * 6' feet ) , 1525 * 2440 ( 6 * 8 ' feet ) , 1850 * 2440,1850 * 2880 .
10.1 glued plywood
Hardwood plywood glued by the glue through the skin and laminated , pressed timely adoption generally horizontal , Kennedy cross lamination . The purpose is to enhance the strength to play the role . 12% more than the thickness of the plate generally requires nine floors above , 10 per cent more than five layers thick . Plywood glued by category there are four categories , namely, weather-resistant , moisture-resistant plywood as Class I , Class II water-resistant plywood , moisture resistant plywood Class III , Class IIII intolerance tide plywood . Large price difference between the different classes should be optional according to different purposes.
Size specifications are : 915 * 1220,915 * 1830,915 * 2135,915 * 2440,1220 * 1220,1220 * 1830,1220 * 2135,1220 * 2440
Thickness : 3, 3.5 to 20 months.
10.2 Blockboard
Joinery is spliced ​​together by a core board , the two outer surfaces of the plastic sheet fit. This board nail holding power than plywood , particleboard high . Size specifications are as follows :
915 * 915,915 * 1830,915 * 2440,1220 * 2440,1220 * 1220,1220 * 1830
The thickness of 5 to 30 and the like.
This board prices are more expensive than plywood , particleboard . It is suitable for high-end cabinet products, processing technology with traditional wood almost.
10.3 Honeycomb
Said honeycomb paper honeycomb panel can , which is processed into about 200g kraft honeycomb shape, and the product is divided into tensile stretching A, B, C three . Its advantages are: light weight, easily deformed, but it is to combine and MDF or particleboard was used alone . Particularly suitable for large-span table anti-deformation . Or easily deformed core tide gate . But the production process to be cold or hot , and therefore lower productivity.
10.4 fiberboard
Fibreboard of wood fiber separation after hot composite. It is according to the density of high density, medium density . Usually used more for medium -density fiberboard , the proportion of about 0.8 or so. Its advantage is that the surface is smooth, easy to paste Boeing film , spray adhesive cloth, deformation is not easy to absorb moisture , the disadvantage is less than the number of effective drilling chipboard, particleboard higher price than 5 to 10% .
10.5 retardant board
Fire-retardant board is mainly composed of industrial magnesia raw materials , which the binder resin material , and therefore lower cost , fire-retardant board , also known as non-combustible board. Its processing performance and particleboard , MDF approximation. Non-absorbent, Soak 12 hours without incident .
There are a class of flame-retardant board dominated by gypsum raw materials , but also non-combustible flame resistance, but poor moisture absorption , topical and easy expansion drilling nailing too.
Another type of silicate board , it also has a fire-retardant properties, but not in weight than magnesium retardant board weighs 1.5 times , nail holding power can not, for load-bearing structural components requiring high strength, cost also increased.
10.6 aluminum panels, the United States and chopping board
Such panels are composite materials , aluminum plate surface with aluminum bordered on plastic plates above the other places dominated vacuum aluminized plastic sheet processing , respectively, in the two cost functions almost.
America chopping board is aluminum plate a category , which in addition to a plastic board table inlaid aluminum layer , but also through a variety of art embossing pattern ( ie texture design differences )
Features fireproof aluminum composite panel , lighter weight , but also can shape bend. Disadvantages: higher prices . Nail holding power is poor, only use glue or clamp connection technology , so only for a limited part of the product .
10.7 particleboard
Particleboard wood cut by a certain temperature and rubber hot pressing. Carved wood cut veneer wood cutting , bagasse, wood shavings and other main ingredient composition. General quality raw material to manufacture particleboard wood shavings , which consists of the core material layer , the outer layer and the buffer layer composition. Outer layer containing a high amount of glue , nail holding power increase , moisture, sanding , use of plastic materials and certain solvents from the particleboard process , it led to a certain amount of benzene chemical composition , divided according to their different levels E0, E1 , E2 grade particleboard while also ceded moisture particleboard , particleboard prices slightly higher than ordinary .
10.8 foam board
Foam board mainly PP, ABS, EPS, EVA foamed material in one shape, due to cost reasons , foam board PS, EVA two categories majority. Foam board can be used for soundproofing , thumbtacks nailing role. Particularly suitable strength is not high structure, bearing the weight of low occasions.
Boeing film and foam board , fabric glue, glue and different to choose the right parameters for the job , otherwise there is blistering .
(Xi ) paint class
Use the base paint by the variety of species , there are wood , iron paint, glass paint , aluminum paint several.
12.1 Wood
Protective coating from the surface of solid wood , beautiful effect. After two solid coating is generally the first primer, a paint, primer paint with low cost PE , PU paint finish with a hard surface . There are high-gloss finish , bright , matte or frosted different effects .
Bottom paint according to different product designs to deploy a variety of colors, if the pursuit of primary colors , places lacquer based; If you want to see the wood, but not the true nature of the wood , you can deploy with dark or light wood tones similar .
Wood has a special paint types : UV lacquer , which is a light-cured unsaturated polyester resin, unsaturated resin polymerized by light . Paint the hardest class in all wood species paint , weather is best. While production efficiency than PU, PE higher than 10 times. But the production process equipment and higher prices. Wood processing is generally carried out using air spray technology .
12.2 Iron Paint :
Metal surface paint job must go through several processes . Generally degreasing rust, to enter the painting after phosphating process .
Metal spray of air spraying, electrostatic powder coating, the magnetic coating of three.
Air spray coating process with wood close to increase a low-temperature drying process , paint varieties generally metallic effect paint ( such as flash silver, gold and silver and other mainly ) , the overall appearance of bright , it can also be spinning rubber spray paint , paint cracks , vertical grain paint and other effects, a strong artistic effect . Air spray is also a drawback , the coating easily damaged , on the other hand easy to stick dust. A damaged rusted metal parts , they produce the original battery effect , the higher the degree of damage.
Also known as electrostatic powder spray , as a powder coating materials in general , a polymer material such as epoxy resin , powder negatively charged , positively charged metal , attached to the principle of electrostatic attraction of positive and negative surface . After 180 ~ 200 ℃ high temperature baking powder resin melts and coverage. Thus better adhesion relative air quality in the surface coating , the coating thick 0.3 ~ 0.4mm. But the drawback is poor surface leveling coating color adjustment difficult, fewer than 10 colors to choose from . Electrostatic powder raw materials are two kinds of more specific . One is fluorocarbon material , one is non-stick fluorine resin , fluorocarbon resin spray metal surfaces . Since the fluorine resin material as the base material is a composite powder, carbon and metal iron elements are more consistent bond strength , so called spray fluorocarbon coating such materials .
Non-stick material fluorine resin sprayed onto the metal surface , to smooth any object without bond , while the material to adapt to temperature up to 300 ℃, meet the requirements of a health and environment of high temperature coatings ideal for kitchen furniture, laboratory used furniture .
12.3 Glass paint
Glass paint material is divided into two types , one is etched type , one is baking . Play a frosted glass effect when spraying colored etching -type material , and many of its artistic effect , thousands of colors to achieve much .
Glass paint baking , baking at high temperatures after spraying can be completely cured , the approximate middle ground Catalan Chinese ceramics that effect . It is also divided into two kinds of transparent and opaque , it can also be the construction process technology for printing , but a little thicker paint concentrations .
12.4 aluminum paint
Aluminum paint is consistent with the principle of electrostatic powder , aluminum must choose a different type of painting , while not smooth appearance , after the aluminum oxide coating adhesion treatment is best. But the high cost , there is an aluminum surface treatment process called electrophoresis , followed by spraying processes must also be closed treatment . Such paint is generally transparent PU or PE, paint, magnetic paint is also useful .
(Xii ) Electrical Accessories
Furniture products more fashion and trend, thus electronics, furniture, digital products such as the use of more and more . Some examples are presented below :
13.1 electric lift mechanism
Currently lifting mechanism variety of electrical components and furniture by combining more. Display lifting mechanism , which is a linear motor driven gear teeth along the lifting means . It is controlled by the switch, up and down limit switch , motor, transmission components. Generally done vertically 15,17 inch LCD monitor . Each floor mechanism embedded computer port , microphone interface for external parts with the extension . Furniture such as classes Taiwan , Taiwan's meeting , training units can be installed for this organization . Expensive, and monitor price almost. Lifting stroke of about 35 ~ 45mm.
13.2 remote control agency
Partition walls in electric blinds will use this mechanism that the remote control , the receiver , motors , power supplies, switches , whose itinerary , blinds width specified by the customer design . Different manufacturers institutions is limited.
In addition to lifting the remote control agencies , but also with a flip angle in order to achieve the purpose of controlling the swing louvers .
13.3 shake plug the device
Such products began to be applied in furniture , such as a desktop plug, wall plug . Desktop plug a single plug, double plug inserted ranging to 12 , and each outlet hole consists of a module structure, which has two power plug , power three plug, 4-pin plug telephone , internet 7-pin plug, microphone plug, video plug , headphones plug and so on. Desktop plug points flip , lift , free standing three categories.
Screen Play mounted on the wall to go trough the cover and insert the pre-installed desktop-like modules , reducing the impact on the process of using different factory outlet due to traces capacity.
Second, the appearance of decorative furniture method
( A ) electroplating
Furniture products and decorative metal parts to rust , generally on the tube, the local decorative pieces plating treatment , another plastic connector can also be decorative pieces of metal plating.
1.1 Water -plated
Metal parts, plastic ABS 14 to 19 parts by plating processes gold, silver and other effects, it is mainly in aqueous chemical solution according to the technical requirements of the operation is complete . Water -plated high quality , good wear resistance , but the price is slightly higher in electroplating . Chromium plating , zinc, nickel variety . Different coatings price range, high to low order of Ti - Zr - Cr - Ni - Zn .
1.2 vacuum plating
Vacuum plating is essentially plastic parts, metal parts surface coating thickness from 0.1 to 0.15 aluminum film , which is occurring in a vacuum evaporation machine made ​​use of aluminum . General baked silver plating , such as to color, then be color coated aluminum oxide coloring process a variety of colors , there are as many as 7 to 8 colors , we can also plated two to three colors. The disadvantage is that the coating process , poor adhesion , fear alcohol wipe ( usually in combination with UV coating to improve adhesion to complete ) . The advantage is the efficiency of time fast, and low cost.
1.3 titanium plated
This method and the principle of vacuum plating close, but extremely high evaporation furnace temperature about 900 ℃, this method is only suitable hardware category , coating near the gold color, very wearable and super-hard . Suitable for high-end products decoration.
(B ) spraying method
2,1 ---- The air spray solvent evaporation and oxidation method belongs to curing .
2,2 electrostatic spraying ---- This method is thermal curing type curing
2,3 UV coating ---- which is a light-cured form
(C ) laminating method
3,1 Water Transfer Act ---- any material , surface pattern Fumo
3,2 thermal transfer method ---- fit cylindrical class decorative patterns
----- 3,3 printing method suitable for any surface patterns , text decoration
(IV ) oxidation
4,1 ---- pursuit aluminum anodized aluminum surface matte , matte effect
4,2 electrophoresis ---- aluminum surface aluminum paste abdomen variety of wood , patterns and bright spray paint
4,3 aluminum coloring ---- suited pure aluminum surface color and protection, ie purification coloring
(E ) etching
5,1 glass etching ---- various patterns on the glass surface after etch silkscreen text
5,2 metal etching ---- In ferrous metals, stainless steel, aluminum , copper and other surface etching pattern text
(F ) mark law
6.1 wood surface imprinted ---- traditional craft methods , which uses a different size or heating electric iron gilt template, wood , particle board , MDF surface hot branding logo, text
6.2 plastic surface using hot stamping machine imprint imprint ---- various patterns , text
( Seven ) ---- bronzing method using hot stamping machine , foil paper in plastic , wooden surface stamping logo, text
( Eight ) Loudiao France ---- using profiling or computer Loudiao machine sheet , plate , rod, copper engraved pattern text
(Ix ) the use of punch punching method ---- aluminum plate stamping and die in a variety of patterns
( Ten ) in metallic glass sandblasting method ---- quartz sand or emery surface spray , while producing sand shapes and sizes depending on relief effect
(Xi ) molding
11,1 a model coloring - use of injection molding, extrusion and plastic surfaces with a transfer method to make patterns, colors
11,2 forming a glassy tone embossed film --- such as embossing, embossed aluminum plate
(Xii ) polishing
12,1 mechanical polishing method - to adapt die-cast aluminum, die-cast zinc alloy products after surface polishing . It consists of coarse and fine , waxing three processes . Surface mirror effect can be achieved . Polishing tools blasting machines, grinders and so on.
12,2 chemical polishing method - using metal polish , lightening agents in the chemical tank agitation eccentric , so slowly piece together polishing and chemical agents . After drying or dry processing a workpiece polishing, injection should be carried out to protect the workpiece surface mirror effect can be achieved .