Plywood Plywood English : Plywood
One commonly used materials, furniture , a wood-based panels . After the glue with a veneer press dubbed slab criss-cross grain direction , with or without heating under conditions of repression. Usually an odd number of layers , a few have even. Physical horizontal and vertical directions , the mechanical properties of the difference is small. Commonly used plywood , five plywood and so on. Can improve the utilization of wood veneer , wood is a major route for saving . Also available for aircraft, ships , trains, automobiles , construction and packaging materials , such as the role .
Plywood People's Republic of China national standard definitions of terms (Plywood-Classification) GB 9846.1-88 the standard reference international standard ISO2047-1972 " Plywood a word ."
I. Subject Matter and Scope This standard specifies the definition of key terms plywood . This standard applies to all kinds of plywood from the GB9846.1 classification.
Second, the reference to the standard GB 9846.1 plywood car classified
Three ingredients and preparation

3.1 veneer veneer peeling mountains , half peeled, sliced ​​or sawn timber produced flake .
3.2 loose surface losse side in the process of peeling or chipping , veneer knife in contact with the side, this side is often due to the reverse done while peeling or slicing bottles produced fissures .
3.3 Each layer of the plywood layer
3.3.1 refers to the surface outer ply plywood veneer surface .
3.3.1.1 plastic panels face better visual quality of the whole board table plate .
3.3.1.2 the back of the back plate relative to the other side of the table panel .
3.3.2 central ply plywood core layer to the center layer , other layers disposed symmetrically on its both sides .
3.3.3 Xinban cross band, lateral ply sheet plate texture with grain direction perpendicular to the inner units.
3.3.4 Long plate centres, longitudinal ply with grain direction parallel to the inner table board texture veneer .
3.3.5 Core core sandwich panels or composite sheet of plywood center layer . Generally greater than the thickness of the other layers .
3.4 spliced ​​veneer strip joint connecting with the adjacent layer.
3.4.1 longitudinal edge joint fight two longitudinal edges edging veneer splicing , the same patchwork and veneer grain direction .
3.4.2 The end of the fight end joint of two pieces together along the extreme edge veneer splicing , patchwork and veneer vertical grain direction .
3.4.3 mitered scarf joint two veneer panels along the side or oblique oblique side panel stitching .
3.4.4 finger finger joint ends of two pieces of veneer processed into finger -type joints in the plane interwoven stitching .
3.5 adhesive glue, adhesive glue to both surfaces of each material .
3.5.1 glue bond adhesive sticky press.
3.5.2 thin layer of adhesive glue glue linc two adjacent surfaces .
V. Wood
4.1 wood grain wood fiber orientation China formed texture.
4.1.1 Ruled straight grain wood straight and parallel or nearly parallel to the board in two main directions ( lengthwise or widthwise ) in a
4.1.2 twill angle grain wood with no vertical edges of boards .
4.1.3 Under the rules because the wood grain pattern irregular grain structural abnormalities and BARS .
Six , all kinds of plywood
5.1 plywood veneer plywood usually a grain direction of adjacent layers to each other by a vertical plate made ​​of laminated blank group , usually the inner plate and the table plate are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the central layer or core board .
5.1.1 The grain of the plywood long grained plywood table board wood board parallel or nearly parallel to the long side of the plywood.
5.1.2 striated plywood cross grained plywood board wood table or near the line almost parallel to the short side of the plywood board .
5.1.3 Ordinary plywood plywood for general use to adapt to a wide range of uses of plywood. 5.1.4 Special plywood special plywood plywood to meet specialized applications.
5.1.5 Plywood eltetior plywood outdoor weather resistant , water resistant to high humidity and plastic platen .
Class 5.1.5.1 1 wave type l plywood plywood plywood weatherability such plywood having durable resistance to boiling or steam treatment and other properties, can be used outdoors.
5.1.6 indoor interior plywood with plastic deck does not have long to withstand flooding or high temperature adhesive properties of the glue rice.
Class 5.1.6.1 2 rubber platen type 2 plywood waterproof plywood , can pull this kind of glue dipping , or subjected to short-term immersion in hot water , but the impatience boiled in cold water.
5.1.6.2 3 class plywood type 3 plywood moisture resistant plywood , plywood ability of such short-term immersion in cold water, suitable for indoor use.
5.1.6.3 4 class type 4 plywood plywood plywood tide intolerance , such plywood under normal indoor use , with some bonding strength .
5.1.7 plywood structural plywood structure with limited mechanical performance requirements of plywood.
5.1.8 Combination star star plywood veneer plywood texture plywood group arranged by star billet steel.
5.2 veneer core plywood with a sandwich board core plywood.
5.2.1 Blockboard blockboard panels composed of a core made of wood , you can glue between the wood, glued or not .
5.2.2 Honeycomb callular board board core consists of a honeycomb structure , both sides of the board should have at least two cores are usually mutually wood veneer arranged vertically .
5.3 Composite board core plywood composite plywood ( or some of the layers ) made ​​of a material other than wood or veneer physical composition, the core side plates should have at least two generally vertically aligned wood veneer to each other .
5.4 decorative surface veneer plywood decorative plywood two or one decorated with a veneer .
5.5 moulded plywood molded plywood compression molding plywood in a non- planar stamper .
5.6 mitered plywood scarfed plywood glued with a slope of more than two or two plywood to increase the size of its format .
5.7 finger finger jointed plywood plywood or two more by the two plywood , using staggered board edge refers to the type of adhesive bonding method to fight to increase the size of the large-format plywood .
5.3 boards along the long length of panel dashboard grain direction size.
5.9 pull perpendicular to the width of panel width very long size.
5.10 vertical thickness of panel thickness appropriate for the size of the plate surface .
Six , set blank
6.1 Group billet 1ay-up by wood veneer layers slab thickness direction and configuration .
6.1.1 Orthogonal combination of cross-banded plies adjacent layers of wood veneer vertical configuration.
6.1.2 Combination star star star formation adjacent wood school single-phase two- arranged .
6.1.3 parallel combination of two adjacent parallel grain plies of wood veneer in the same direction configuration.
Seven , various defects
7.1 Material defects
7.1.1 Setsuko knots in the wood branches package part .
Section 7.1.1.1 Needle pln knots diameter not exceeding 3mm sound articulation .
7.1.1.2 articulated intergrown knots formed by a technique of living trees . Setsuko closely linked with the surrounding wood raw or partially with the surrounding wood Liansheng length greater than the cross-sectional perimeter 3/ 4 , hard, constructed properly.
7.1.1.3 dead section dead knots are formed by dead branches of trees , the next four weeks with the surrounding wood Setsuko Liansheng , or even with the cross section of the peripheral part of its length is only 1/4 or less than 1/ 4 , hard or soft, sometimes off the formation of voids.
7.1.1.4 semi- articulated partially intergrown knOts Setsuko four weeks with the surrounding wood Liansheng part of its cross-sectional perimeter length of 1/4 to 3 /4 , Marina texture hard .
Section 7.1, 1.5 sound does not sound knots decadent Setsuko .
Section 7.1.1.6 does not sound decadent part unsound knots Setsuko section does not exceed 1/3 of Setsuko .
Section 7.1.1.7 decadent decadent festival rotten knots Setsuko Setsuko cross section exceeds 1/3 .
7.1.1.8 knothole knot holes caused by Setsuko off holes .
7.1.2 defective structural abnormalities abnormal structure arising from the unusual structure formed by the timber , such as wrinkles . Wavy pattern. Staggered pattern, spiral pattern and so on.
7.1.3 sac resin pocket resin timber was lentil -shaped cavity , which contains or has contained resin material .
7.1.4 Paper inbark bark pocket folder tree growth because all or part of the package in the wood bark .
7.1.5 Drain resin (resin section ) resin streak injured partial tree , a large concentration of the resin penetration into the wood , and is formed around the color than the surrounding normal timber .
7.1.6 wormhole worm holes. moth borer holes or moth larvae bore into the wood and insects Road .
7.1.7 parasitic trace marks of parasitic plants or rot from the main plant parasite penetrates the wood and the formation of groups of small channel .
7.1.3 Where discoloration discoloration of wood called a normal color change color, can be divided into chemical discoloration and fungal discoloration of two kinds.
7.1.8.1 heartwood false heartwood color pseudo sound wood core portion is different from the normal wood , often dark brown or reddish brown, the density and hardness are generally large .
7.1.8.2 Chemical composition and color of certain chemical stain wood wood chemical reactions caused by foreign material between the discoloration .
7.1.8.3 mold layer mould wood surface fungal hyphae and spores.
7.1.8.4 Green becomes blue stain , also known as blue stain , sapwood color dimmed slightly light blue or light green .
7.1.8.5 Kin spot pith flecks timber felled before , due to the cambium tissue injury suffered against insects formed . Medullary tissue vulnerable spot .
7.l. 8.6 spotted flecks streaks Department of wood-rotting fungi invade the early wood formation , often see brown. Brown or purple spots.
7.1.9 rotten wood rot fungi decay rot due to the intrusion of cell wall material decomposition , leading to soft wood , strength and density decrease , Timber Organization and the colors are often changed.
7.1.9.1 Erosion early incipient decay of wood rot fungal growth by making slight changes in the chemical composition (usually before drying ) , showing a slight variation of hardness and discoloration , resulting in changes in the nature of the wood .
7.1.10 row of nail holes dog holes timber shipping process, due to the hook and harvesting tools and other workers caused by holes.
7.1.11 crack split, end split the fiber direction of the grain separation , usually starting from one end , extending through early secondary plate thickness.
7.1.12 crack check the dashboard short fiber separation , usually do not start from the plate edge , not all extending through the thickness of the veneer .
7.2 processing defects
7.2.1 from the seam open Joint adjacent layer between two sheets within the same veneer stitching is not tight .
7.2.1.1 Xinban from the seam core gap plywood core board or plate in the core from the seam .
7.2.1.2 long plate away from the seam centres gap length in plywood boards from the seam .
7.2.2 stacked overlap adjacent layer board with two pieces of veneer (or two parts of a cracked veneer ) overlap each other.
7.2.3 bubbling blister partial separation between adjacent layers of veneer glued due cause failure .
7.2.4 stratified layers of plastic or poor due to lack of veneer glued adjacent delamination caused by separation .
Table 7.2.5 depression partial pressure hollow board trap .
Dent 7.2.6 indentation imprint table board.
7.2.7 bulge bump hump presented in partial -thick sheet board.
7.2.8 crack peeling lathe check cutting check when the table plate loose side out configuration can show tiny cracks .
7.2.9 glitch grooves torn grain fiber tear due to the plywood surface so rough .
7.2.10 roughness of not smooth plywood surface roughness .
7.2.11 sand through sandlng through the dashboard because of excessive sanding , grinding through the local office next layer exposed layer or veneer .
7.2.12 transparent plastic adhesive glue penetration penetrate the board so that the board table contamination .
7.2,13 contains Tapes inclusion of gummed tape masking tape contains an internal plywood .
7.2.14 contains metal metallic inclusions contain plywood inside the U-shaped metal objects such as nails and the like .
7.2,15 plate edge defect defects at the edges of the corners of the panel due to sanding , sawing or collision caused by the defect.
7.2.16 warPing generally regular warp deformation of some or all of the surface wave is curved plywood .
Eight , repair
8.1 patched with plywood packing defect has been repaired plywood or veneer plywood patch repair .
8.2 filler filling filling filling apertures and other defects.
8.3 Wabu insert with a good chip embedded in a variety of shapes veneer defects prior dredged site .
8.4 patch patck plug Wabu geometric veneer sheet used .
8.5 patching up of elongated shape veneer sheet shim used .
Nine , surface condition ( not finishes )

9.1 sanded plywood sanded plywood board by sanding machine sanding of plywood.
9.2 light scraping gum platen scraped plywood board scraping by scraping ray of light plywood.
Ten, further processing
10.1 with finishes processing method
10.1.1 pre prefinisked plywood veneer plywood manufacturers have specialized treatment tables , when used without further modification of plywood.
10.1.2 veneer plywood overlaid plywood. faced plywood surface affixture decorative veneer, wood paper, impregnated paper, plastic, resin film or plywood sheet metal material.
10.2 The treated plywood treated plywood manufacturing process or after manufacturing plywood treated with chemicals for the physical properties of the material coup .
10 2.1 antiseptic preservative treated plywood plywood in order to improve the durability of poles used to kill Yin agent or insecticide-treated plywood.
10.2.2 retardant plywood flame-retardant p1ywood to block the spread of flame retardant treated with rubber platen .
10.2.3 Processing plywood resin treated plywood resin impregnated or otherwise treated with a resin for plywood .
10.3 Direct printing direct print plywood with plywood or other wood grain simulation pattern printed directly on the plywood surface.
10.4 embOssed plywood plywood embossed imprint color pattern on the surface of the plywood .
10.5 machining
10.5.1 reshaping plywood transfOrmed plywood or glued by mechanical finishing , such as cutting, copying sawing , scary, drilling, milling and other processing of plywood.
10.5.2 curved plywood cutved plywood handled by one or several curved plywood .

plywood market developments rapid growth of China 's economy has become a strong market demand for plywood promote traction ; north, east and along the Yangtze River plantation timber flooded the market and foreign high-quality broad-leaved wood constantly replenished , merged into the huge raw Chinese plywood industry evolving to provide a source ; adequate human resources , China is also an important factor in the plywood industry, costing plywood producers compared with other dominant development. In recent years, Chinese plywood product quality itself , has also been significantly improved competitiveness in the international market is growing . China is not only a major exporter of plywood , is the world 's largest plywood producer.
January to December 2006 , Chinese plywood manufacturing industry realized a total industrial output value of 75,819,437,000 yuan , an increase of 39.83% over same period in 2005 ; achieved total sales revenue of 72,163,513,000 yuan , an increase of 39.25% over same period in 2005 ; achieve cumulative total profit 3,198,494,000 million , compared with the same period in 2005, an increase of 60.41% .
2007 January to November , China plywood manufacturing industry realized a total industrial output value of 101,828,484 yuan, an increase of 48.27% over the previous year ; achieve total sales revenue 96,534,099 yuan, an increase of 48.87% over the previous year ; realized total profits total 4,732,364 thousand over the previous year increased by 70.26% .
Despite the rapid development of Chinese plywood , but still met with the EU and other importing countries of the anti- dumping complaint , so China 's plywood business and industry organizations to strengthen communication with the importer , strengthen self-discipline , regulate the export order . With the strengthening of the scale of China's infrastructure expansion and development efforts in the Midwest , the enormous market potential of plywood .

plywood classification plywood is made of wood veneer into segments by a wooden board or sliced ​​into veneer , and then the adhesive glue made ​​of three or more layers of plate material , usually odd layers veneer, and to the fiber direction perpendicular to the adjacent layer veneer glued together with each other. Plywood with wood as the main raw materials to produce plywood , because of its reasonable structure and production process of fine processing, timber can be substantially overcome the deficiencies greatly improve and enhance the mechanical properties of the physical timber , plywood production is fully rational use of wood, one important way to improve the performance of timber .
1. Plywood classification
A class is weather-resistant plywood , boiling water resistant plywood, from here there are advantages durable , high temperature steam can handle.
Waterproof plywood II plywood, and a short immersion in hot water can be immersed in cold water .
Three surge resistant plywood veneer can short immersion in cold water, at room temperature for use . Used for furniture and general construction purposes .
Four plywood intolerance tide plywood under normal indoor use , mainly for delicate and general purpose plywood timber has a basswood , ash, birch, elm , poplar , etc.
2, decorative veneer plywood
1 ) Decorative veneered plywood is decorated with natural wood veneer on plywood made ​​of plywood . Veneer is a decorative wood veneer with high-quality processing methods by sliced ​​or peeled made ​​.
2 ) Decorative veneered plywood Features :
Decorative veneered plywood interior decoration is one of the most commonly used material . As the product surface is using high-quality wood veneer decorative been sliced ​​or peeled processing methods made ​​, so better than plywood decorative properties . The product is a pristine , natural and noble, and people can create optimum affinity elegant room environment .
3 ) types of decorative veneer plywood :
Decorative veneered plywood can be divided by a decorative surface on one side decorative veneer plywood and two-sided decorative veneer plywood ; according to water resistance can be divided into class I decorative veneer plywood , II class decorative veneer class III veneer plywood and decorative veneer plywood ; according decorative veneer texture can be divided into radial decorative veneer plywood chords to decorative veneer plywood. Common are single-sided decorative veneer plywood. Decorative veneer wood species have common birch, ash, oak , water Green Gang , elm , maple , walnut , etc.
4 ) Decorative veneered plywood grading :
Our decorative veneer plywood standard decorative veneer plywood into superior products, first-class products and qualified three levels. Remind manufacturers and consumers are not in line with our other grading form decorative veneer plywood standards, such as some manufacturers logo rating of "AAA", which is the corporate behavior .
5 ) National Standard for decorative veneer plywood performance requirements : China's current recommended standard GB / T 15104-94 " decorative veneer plywood ," the vast majority of the production is currently performing this standard . The standard for decorative veneer plywood in the appearance of quality , precision, three aspects of the physical and mechanical properties of the provisions of the index . Its physical and mechanical properties are: moisture content, surface bonding strength , dipping detachment. GB 18580-2001 " plywood interior decoration materials and products in limited release formaldehyde " also provides a limited release of formaldehyde in the product index .
① national standard decorative veneer plywood moisture index of 6% to 14%.
② surface bonding strength reflects the decorative veneer layer and the bonding strength between the plywood substrate . National standards for the indicators should be ≥ 50MPa, and the number of standard specimens ≥ 80%. If the indicators failed , indicating poor quality decorative veneer glued plywood substrate , resulting in the use of decorative veneer layer may open plastic muster .
③ impregnated decorative veneer peeling reflect the performance of each veneer plywood glued laminated layers. The index failed Description poor quality glue sheet , may result in the use of open plastic .
④ limited release formaldehyde . The indicator is the mandatory national standards since our January 1, 2002 implementation , which is related products " birth certificate " , from January 1, 2002 amounted to less than the standard products are not allowed to produce ; this but also related products "market access card" , from July 1, 2002 amounted to less than the standard products are not allowed to enter the market circulation . Formaldehyde exceeded the limit will affect the health of consumers . Standard decorative veneer plywood formaldehyde emission should reach : E1 grade ≤ 1.5mg / L, E2 grade ≤ 5.0mg / L.
3, decorative veneer plywood choice
In recent years, the production of plywood , derived a lot of varieties , of which the main one is on the plate affixed a thin layer of the original decorative plywood veneer veneer , called decorative veneer plywood, market decorative plates on a short or decorative panels .
It is noteworthy that a common decorative panels divided into natural and artificial wood veneered panels of thin wood panels. Natural wood veneer with precious natural wood , sliced ​​or peeled after processing methods made ​​of thin wood veneer . Artificial veneer using relatively inexpensive wood veneer peeling made ​​by certain pressed into wooden craft glue , and then sliced ​​into veneer with a beautiful floral decorations .
Usually natural wood veneered panels affixed veneer veneer patterns are often good , worth the high trees , such as cedar , oak, rosewood , ash and so on. But in the name of the product shall be described , such as " cedar veneer plywood ," or " Ash Plywood slice " or " cherry wood trim ." Several said the law " veneer ", " slices" , " trim " reflect " trim " the basic features . But not with cedar plywood , ash plywood and other short , because these short range means the plywood panels , floor made ​​by cedar or ash . Another problem is the production of veneer furniture increased, although the furniture , " cedar " and the appearance of wood , but wood is a whole other furniture made ​​of wood , and the furniture store will now dubbed "
4, Design choice points 1) based on factors engineering properties , the use of the site , such as the choice of different types of environmental conditions , grades , materials, decoration and format of plywood.
2 ) should be used in the decoration of precious wood sliced ​​veneer plywood.
3 ) building interior plywood shall comply with the provisions of GB50222 " interior decoration of buildings for fire protection design " of .
4 ) may damp the hidden part and water requirements of the occasion should consider using class Ⅰ or Ⅱ class plywood , plywood for outdoor use should be used in class Ⅰ plywood.
5 ) Decorative panels required transparent varnish ( also known as edible vegetable oil ) , to retain the natural color and texture of the wood surface , the panel should focus on the material , pattern and color choices ; If the panel does not need to consider the patterns and colors , but also the environment and should be based on reasonable cost optional plywood grade, category.